Team Leader - Nutanix Technology Champion - Nutanix NTC Storyteller

Julien DUMUR
Infrastructure in a Nutshell
nutanix move

You thought it was over and that we would go straight to the migration? Well, not quite! I still have a few things to say and share with you before: my final tips and best practices based on my experience!

Careful preparation

The first and I think most important advice I can give you is to prepare your migration well. List your virtual machines, identify the installed operating systems, check that they are up to date and that the migration prerequisites are met…

It takes time, but it is the key to a successful migration every time.

Measured migration plans

My second piece of advice is to create migration plans of a reasonable size. If the software limit can go up to 100 virtual machines per migration plan, I would advise you to limit yourself to a maximum of twenty machines.

This allows you to better manage your migration, to have fewer potential errors to manage and to be able to correct problems more quickly if you encounter them once the virtual machines have been switched over and to limit the risk of prolonged service interruption.

Homogeneous migration plans

As far as possible, try to create migration plans grouping virtual machines that are similar in terms of operating system. Again, in the event of a problem during the migration, it will always be easier to look for a common error on several servers with the same operating system than between disparate servers.

Take your time

Above all, do not rush! It is better to take your time and make a smooth migration, rather than rushing, encountering problems, being forced to backtrack, etc. Take the time to build your migration plans, to prepare them well, to configure them in their smallest details so that they go smoothly.

Some good practices to follow

Here are some good practices to follow that will allow you to avoid a certain number of inconveniences. There are probably others that I have not mentioned but this already constitutes a solid base:

  • Check the compatibility of your operating systems.
  • Check that all the prerequisites are respected upstream.
  • Check that your clusters can communicate with each other.
  • Stop the backup jobs before starting your migrations.

If in doubt, refer to the official documentation: https://portal.nutanix.com/page/documents/details?targetId=Nutanix-Move-v5_4:Nutanix-Move-v5_4

Now, you are ready to finalize the migration of your virtual machines…

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nutanix move

In the previous blog post, we saw how to create migration plans from ESXi to AHV. Now it’s Hyper-V’s turn and you’ll see that the process is almost identical!

Prerequisites

For everything to go well, some prerequisites must be taken into account and here are the 3 most important in my opinion:

  • Supported operating systems
  • Nutanix Move Agent installed on the hypervisor
  • Linux Azure installed on Linux virtual machines

All the prerequisites in the official documentation: https://portal.nutanix.com/page/documents/details?targetId=Nutanix-Move-v5_4:top-hyperv-vm-migration-c.html

Creating the migration plan from Microsoft Hyper-V to Nutanix AHV

On the Nutanix Move interface, click on the “+ New Migration Plan” button and name the migration plan:

On the next screen, you must choose the source cluster on the one hand, then the destination cluster with the associated Storage Container:

Here, this gives:

  • 1 – HyperV Cluster
  • 2 – Nutanix Cluster
  • 3 – DefaultStorangeContainer

On the next screen, it’s time to choose the virtual machines you want to migrate by clicking on the “+” buttons at the beginning of the line. Ici je vais choisir uniquement une machine virtuelle que je sais non supportée pour la méthode manuelle :

Here, I chose to select the Ubuntu_4 and Windows_4 virtual machines.

On the next screen, it is the network mapping that needs to be done. For each network available on your Hyper-V cluster, you will need to assign a network from your Nutanix cluster:

Here, I have only one network in my demo environment. If you have multiple networks on your Hyper-V cluster, you will need to create them all on the AHV side in order to achieve an identical mapping on both sides.

The next window allows you to configure the preparation of virtual machines.

Automatic preparation of virtual machines

The recommended mode is the automatic mode because Nutanix Move will take care of all the operations once the machine login credentials are configured.

Please note that automatic mode only works on operating systems fully supported by Nutanix Move.

To check if the operating systems of your VMs are supported, I advise you to look in the official documentation: https://portal.nutanix.com/page/documents/details?targetId=Nutanix-Move-v5_4:top-hyperv-vm-migration-c.html

You will then need to configure the identifiers of the Windows and Linux virtual machines:

The general option is only valid if you have set the same username and password on all your virtual machines (example for Windows: the domain administrator account).

If this is not the case, you can customize all the settings per virtual machine by clicking on “Change settings” under “Override individual VM Preparation”:

Manual preparation of virtual machines

The overall configuration remains the same, but when configuring the virtual machine preparation mode if you choose Manual mode you will have a different page:

No need to provide login credentials to virtual machines. On the other hand, all the automated preparation part carried out by Nutanix Move on your virtual machines will have to be done manually on each machine.

Nutanix Move provides scripts for Linux and Windows servers that you will have to run manually. A much more time-consuming option and source of potential errors that make me systematically prefer the automatic mode.

However, this migration mode may sometimes be necessary, particularly to migrate virtual machines whose operating system is not officially supported by Nutanix Move.

Finalizing the migration plan

On the next screen, the configuration of the virtual machines allows you to prioritize or not the migration operations, to choose the time zone that you wish to assign or even to schedule the start of the data transfer:

Don’t panic though, enabling data transfer does not mean that the machines will be migrated, simply the data of these machines will start to synchronize with the target cluster. This synchronization will continue as long as you do not trigger the migration.

Once your configurations are complete, Move will display a summary of your migration plan:

Click on “Save” to validate it, your migration plan is ready and you can find it on the Nutanix Move home page:

Other migration plans can be created in the same way.

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nutanix move

Notre appliance Nutanix Move est déployée, les clusters sources fonctionnant sous VMware ESXi et Microsoft Hyper-V and the target cluster running under Nutanix AHV have been added. The next step is to create the migration plans for our virtual machines.

Prerequisites

For everything to go well, some prerequisites must be taken into account, but the main ones are as follows:

  • VMware Tools deployed and up to date on all virtual machines
  • Supported operating systems

All prerequisites on official documentation: https://portal.nutanix.com/page/documents/details?targetId=Nutanix-Move-v5_4:top-esxi-vm-migration-c.html

Creation of the migration plan from VMware ESXi to Nutanix AHV

On the Nutanix Move interface, click on the “+ New Migration Plan” button and name the migration plan:

On the next screen, you must choose the source cluster on the one hand, then the destination cluster with the associated Storage Container:

In our case, this gives:

  • 1 – ESXi Cluster
  • 2 – Nutanix Cluster
  • 3 – DefaultStorangeContainer

Obviously, you will have to adapt the selected information to your environment. Depending on the type of server to migrate, you will have to choose the destination Storage Container wisely to adapt the data optimization mechanisms to the workloads you are migrating.

On the next screen, it is time to choose the machines virtuelles que vous souhaitez migrer en cliquant sur les boutons “+” en début de ligne :

In my case, I chose to select the Ubuntu_4 and Windows_4 virtual machines. A small Warning appears on the Windows machine because UEFI is only supported from AOS 5.16. My cluster being in 6.8.1, this will not be a problem.

On the next screen, it is the network mapping that must be done. For each network available on your ESXi cluster, you will have to assign a network from your Nutanix cluster:

Here, I have only one network in my demo environment. If you have multiple networks on the ESXi side, you will need to create them all on the AHV side in order to achieve an identical mapping on both sides.

The next window allows you to configure the preparation of virtual machines.

Automatic preparation of virtual machines

The recommended mode is the automatic mode because Nutanix Move will take care of all the operations once the machine login credentials are configured.

Please note that automatic mode only works on operating systems fully supported by Nutanix Move.

To check if your VMs’ operating systems are supported, I advise you to look in the official documentation: https://portal.nutanix.com/page/documents/details?targetId=Nutanix-Move-v4_7:top-migration-considerations-c.html

You will then need to configure the identifiers of the Windows and Linux virtual machines:

The general option is only valid if you have set the same username and password on all your virtual machines (example for Windows: the domain administrator account).

If this is not the case, you can customize all the settings per virtual machine by clicking on “Change settings” under “Override individual VM Preparation”:

Manual preparation of virtual machines

The overall configuration remains the same, but when configuring the virtual machine preparation mode if you choose Manual mode you will have a different page:

No need to provide login credentials to virtual machines. On the other hand, all the automated preparation part carried out by Nutanix Move on your virtual machines will have to be done manually on each machine.

Nutanix Move provides scripts for Linux and Windows servers that you will have to run manually. A much more time-consuming option and source of potential errors that make me systematically prefer the automatic mode.

However, this migration mode may sometimes be necessary, particularly to migrate virtual machines whose operating system is not officially supported by Nutanix Move.

Finalizing the migration plan

On the next screen, the configuration of the virtual machines allows you to prioritize or not the migration operations, to choose the time zone that you wish to assign or even to schedule the start of the data transfer:

Don’t panic, enabling data transfer does not mean that the machines will be migrated, simply the data of these machines will start to synchronize with the target cluster. This synchronization will continue as long as you do not trigger the migration.

Once your configurations are complete, Move will display a summary of your migration plan:

Click on “Save” to validate it, your migration plan is ready and you can find it on the Nutanix Move home page:

Other migration plans can be created in the same way.

nutanix move

After the source cluster under VMware ESXi, we must now add the target cluster which run Nutanix AHV.

The process is similar to the one used previously for WMware ESXi and Microsoft Hyper-V clusters and I will start by adding an account dedicated to Move on my cluster.

Adding a Move service account

To add the service account dedicated to Nutanix Move on your Nutanix AHV cluster, connect to Prism Element then go to “Settings > Local User Management” and click on “New User”:

Fill in the fields with the necessary information and check the “Cluster Admin” role. Your service account is ready, now let’s add the Nutanix AHV cluster on Nutanix Move.

Adding the AHV cluster on Nutanix Move

In the “Environments” section of Nutanix Move, click on “+ Add Environment”:

Next, fill in the fields with the information corresponding to the Nutanix AHV cluster to which you want to migrate the VMs from the ESXi and Hyper-V clusters:

The required information is as follows:

  • 1 – Environment type, select Nutanix AHV
  • 2 – Name the added cluster
  • 3 – Enter the IP address of the cluster (Prism Element or Prism Central of your choice)
  • 4 – Enter the logins and password of the service account previously created

Wait for a few minutes and your cluster will then be available in NutanixMove :

Your source and destination clusters are now all configured on Nutanix Move, the next step will be to create the migration plans.

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nutanix move

Now that our Nutanix Move virtual machine is deployed, it is time to configure our second cluster to migrate: Microsoft Hyper-V.

Creating a Move account on Hyper-V

In the same spirit as for ESXi, in order not to use the “administrator” account of the server or domain and to respect good security practices, I created a user dedicated to Nutanix Move on my Hyper-V cluster.

Once connected to my cluster, right-click on the “Start > Computer Management” button:

Click on “Local Users and Groups > Users” in the Action menu click on “New User” and fill in the necessary fields:

Then, in “Local Users and Groups > Groups”, add the previously created account to the “Administrators” group:

The service account dedicated to Nutanix Move is created on the Hyper-V cluster, now let’s add the cluster on the Nutanix Move side.

Installing the Move Agent

Before you can add your Hyper-V cluster to Nutanix Move, it is imperative to install the Move Agent.

To download it, go to the following URL: https://MOVE-IP/downloads/agents/move-agent-installer.exe by replacing “MOVE-IP” with the IP address you assigned to Nutanix Move.

Once the executable is downloaded, move it to the directory of your choice, for my part I put it at the root of the hard drive. You must then open a Powershell command prompt in administrator mode and run the following command:

move-agent-installer.exe -o install -ip MOVE-IP -u USER

Always replacing MOVE-IP with the IP address of your Nutanix Move and USER with the login of the service account dedicated to Move previously created:

PS C:> .\move-agent-installer.exe -o install -ip 192.168.2.240 -u move
Enter password for user [move]:

Hyper-V host pre-checks results:

OS validation successful: [Microsoft Windows Server 2022 Standard Evaluation]

Firewall: Inbound port [8087] is open

Service state: [Hyper-V Virtual Machine Management] is running

Service install successful. Please check logs at [C:\Users\move\Nutanix\Move\4.7.0\logs].
PS C:>

Adding the Hyper-V cluster on Nutanix Move

To add the Hyper-V environment on Nutanix Move, you need to connect to the Move interface and click on the “+ Add Environment” button on the home page:

In the window that appears, you must:

  • 1 – select the Microsoft Hyper-V environment type
  • 2 – name the environment that you are adding
  • 3 – enter the IP address of the cluster or server if there is only one node
  • 4 – enter the username and password of the service account created on Hyper-V

Click “Add” and wait while the cluster is added. You may encounter an error regarding WinRM while adding the cluster. If this is the case, connect to the Hyper_V cluster and type the following powershell command:

winrm quickconfig

If you followed all the steps, your cluster will appear in the list on the left of the Nutanix Move interface:

Official documentation: https://portal.nutanix.com/page/documents/details?targetId=Nutanix-Move-v5_4:top-upload-vddk-library-t.html

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nutanix move

Now that our Nutanix Move virtual machine is deployed, it is time to configure our first cluster to migrate: VMware ESXi.

Creating a Move account on ESXi

In order not to use the “root” account of my ESXi cluster and to respect good security practices, I preferred to create a user dedicated to Nutanix Move on my ESXi cluster.

Once connected to my cluster, on the host in “Manage”, go to “Security and users > Users”:

Click on “Add a user” and fill in the necessary fields:

Then, right-click on the host and click on “Permissions” then on “Add a user”:

Enter the name of the user previously created (in my case “move”) and assign him administration rights. Click on “Add a user”:

The service account dedicated to Nutanix Move is created, now let’s add the cluster on the Nutanix Move side.

Adding the ESXi cluster on Nutanix Move

To add an ESXi environment on Nutanix Move, you need to connect to the Move interface and click on the “+ Add Environment” button on the home page:

In the window that appears, you must:

  • 1 – select the type of VMware ESXi environment
  • 2 – name the environment that you are adding
  • 3 – enter the IP address of the vCenter or the ESXi host if there is only one node
  • 4 – enter the username and password of the service account created on ESXi

Click “Add” and wait while the cluster is added. If you followed all the steps, your cluster will appear in the list on the left of the Nutanix Move interface:

In my case, small Warning on the ESXi cluster since a library is missing (if you have followed the previous articles, this is linked to the acquisition of VMware by Broadcom which no longer makes these files freely accessible, use an earlier version of Nutanix Move to avoid this problem). If you are in the same case as me, click on “Upload VDDK”:

Then click on “Upload” at the end of the line corresponding to the version of the clusters you wish to migrate (you can upload several if you have several cluster versions) to transfer the file(s):

ATTENTION: you must have the VDDK files that you can find here (an active Broadcom customer account is required): https://developer.broadcom.com/sdks/vmware-virtual-disk-development-kit-vddk/latest

Once the addition of the VDDKs is complete, your ESXi source cluster is now operational:

Official documentation: https://portal.nutanix.com/page/documents/details?targetId=Nutanix-Move-v5_4:top-upload-vddk-library-t.html

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nutanix move

Once the deployment of the Nutanix Move appliance is complete, it remains to carry out its initial configuration in order to begin setting up future migration plans.

Network setup

To configure the network and switch to fixed IP, you must connect to the Move VM in SSH with the account “admin” and the password “nutanix/4u”. As this is the first connection, you will be asked to change the password.

Once the new password is configured, the network configuration tool launches automatically and you just have to follow the instructions:

Alpine Linux v3.16 (3.16.2) - Nutanix Move

Welcome to Nutanix Move. Please refer to the Move documentation
to know more about the console usage and troubleshooting.

https://www.nutanix.com/products/move/

Do you want to configure static IPv4 address? (y/N)
y
Enter Static IPv4 Address (e.g. 192.168.1.3)
192.168.2.240
Enter Netmask (e.g. 255.255.255.0)
255.255.255.0
Enter Gateway IP Address (e.g. 192.168.1.254)
192.168.2.254
Enter DNS Server 1 IP Address (e.g. 128.91.2.13)
8.8.8.8
Enter DNS Server 2 IP Address (e.g. 128.91.2.14)
8.8.4.4
Enter Domain (e.g. my.dc.domain)
homelab.local

Static IPv4 configuration provided:
ipaddress * 192.168.2.240
netmask * 255.255.255.0
gateway * 192.168.2.254
dns1 * 8.8.8.8
dns2 * 8.8.4.4
domain * homelab.local

Configuring static IPv4 …

WARNING: you are stopping a boot service
WARNING: you are stopping a boot service

Stopping busybox ntpd … [ ok ]
Stopping networking …
lo … [ ok ]
eth0 …

Please wait a few minutes while the reconfiguration completes.

First login

In the “My Apps” menu of the Admin Center, you can click on “Open” to access the Nutanix Move web interface:

The first thing you will be asked to do is accept the End User License Agreement:

You will then be asked to set up a password to secure access to Move:

And finally, choose the type of migration you want to perform. This choice has no impact on the rest of the events, you will be able to perform the 2 types of migration regardless of your choice:

Congratulations, Nutanix Move is now deployed on your Nutanix cluster:

But that’s not all!

Nutanix Move Basic Configurations

There are still a few small configurations to be done to have an optimal Nutanix Move deployment. The appliance configuration is located in the gear menu at the top right, then in “Appliance Settings”:

Among the options that can be customized, the only one that is of real interest to me is the NTP part to ensure consistent time synchronization across your entire Nutanix cluster:

For the NTPs, no problem since you just need to enter the same NTPs as those you configured on the Prism Element side:

The “Prism Central Registration” part is intended to override the Move authentication that you configured at the first connection by authentication via the accounts present in Prism Central that you wish to authorize to connect to the Nutanix Move appliance:

nutanix move

That’s it, your Nutanix Move is now ready to use. In the next blog posts we will see how to add ESXi, Hyper-V and AHV clusters and how to configure the first migration plan.

nutanix move

In the previous article I gave you a presentation of the infrastructure that I set up to produce my series of articles on Nutanix Move.

In this new article, we will see how to deploy the Nutanix Move virtual machine on our Nutanix AHV cluster.

Prerequisites and update of the Move image

The deployment of Nutanix Move on the latest versions of AHV with a Prism Central 2024 must be done from the marketplace, one of the new features of recent versions of Prism Central.

If you have not yet deployed Prism Central on your cluster in AOS 6.8: https://juliendumur.fr/nutanix-ce-2-1-deployer-prism-central-pc-2024/

Then, before deploying Nutanix Move, it is necessary to update the disk image integrated into Prism Central. To download the latest version of Move, go to the following link: https://portal.nutanix.com/page/downloads?product=move

You need to download the file “Move QCOW2 file for AHV”:

Then go to Prism Central, in “Infrastructure > Compute and Storage > Images” and click on “Add Image”:

On the next page, click on “+ Add file”, select the image that has just been downloaded from the Nutanix website and click on “Next”:

On the next page, leave as default and click “Save”:

Please wait while the image is transferred and processed:

Once this is done we can move on to deployment.

Nutanix Move deployment

To deploy Nutanix Move, you need to log in to Prism Central and go to the Marketplace menu in the Admin Center. In the drop-down menu at the top of the interface, select “Admin Center” and then click on “Marketplace”:

Then, simply click on the “Get” button in the “Move” box and then on the “Deploy” button on the Move page to start the deployment process:

The page that is then displayed allows you to configure all the parameters that we want to assign to the Move virtual machine that we are going to deploy. The first field to modify is the “Application Name” field that must be filled in:

In the following fields, no changes are needed to the VM name or its hardware configuration:

For disk configuration, modify the image to select the one we transferred to the cluster previously:

Select the network on which to place the Move virtual machine:

Then enter the identifiers to assign to the SSH account:

The virtual machine deployment start:

You can track the VM deployment on the “My Apps” page of the Admin Center, if you click on “Manage”:

Once the deployment is complete and Nutanix Move is functional, the status will change to “Running”:

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nutanix move

Before starting the process that will allow you to migrate all of your virtual machines to your new Nutanix AHV environment, a quick overview of the prerequisites is required.

General prerequisites

In terms of general prerequisites, there are a few things to respect and check before starting the migration of your infrastructure.

You can migrate everything, with 2 exceptions

The first thing to know is the types of machines to migrate. You can migrate all of your virtual machines with Nutanix Move, except:

  • domain controllers
  • Exchange servers

These are the only 2 restrictions of the software. It is recommended to install a new domain controller, migrate the FSMO roles to it, promote it to a primary domain controller and depromote the old one. Regarding Exchange, you will have to reinstall a server and transfer all of the data from the old server.

Network Flows

Obviously, since we are talking about a migration via the network, it is imperative that the flows are open to allow Nutanix Move to reach the source and destination clusters:

An upcoming update of my flow matrix is ​​planned to integrate the Move part.

Administrator account with privilege

For Nutanix Move to perform the operations required for migrations on the different source and destination clusters, it is imperative to have accounts with administrator rights on these clusters.

Prerequisites specific to VMware ESXi clusters

Supported operating systems

To date, the majority of operating systems used in a professional environment on ESXi are supported by Move.

You can find the supported operating systems for a migration from ESXi directly in the official documentation: https://portal.nutanix.com/page/documents/details?targetId=Nutanix-Move-v5_4:top-migration-considerations-c.html

If one of your virtual machines is not compatible for a Nutanix Move migration (I invite you to carry out tests, unsupported does not mean non-functional), you will then have to consider carrying out a complete and up-to-date reinstallation on the new cluster.

VMware Tools

It is important that VMware tools are deployed on all of your virtual machines so that Nutanix Move can manage the virtual machines hosted on the source ESXi cluster optimally. This will avoid warnings or failures when you launch the migration processes.

All ESXi prerequisites are available here: https://portal.nutanix.com/page/documents/details?targetId=Nutanix-Move-v5_4:top-migration-considerations-c.html

Specific prerequisites for Microsoft Hyper-V clusters

Supported operating systems

To date, the majority of operating systems used in a professional environment on Hyper-V are supported by Move.

You can find the operating systems supported by Move for a migration from Hyper-V directly in the official documentation: https://portal.nutanix.com/page/documents/details?targetId=Nutanix-Move-v5_4:top-hyperv-vm-migration-c.html

If one of your virtual machines is not compatible for a Nutanix Move migration (I invite you to carry out tests, not supported does not mean non-functional), you will then have to consider carrying out a complete and up-to-date reinstallation on the new cluster.

Nutanix Move Agent

On the Hyper-V cluster, for this to work, it will be imperative to deploy the Nutanix Move Agent. I will detail the agent installation procedure in the following articles.

It’s here in the official documentation: https://portal.nutanix.com/page/documents/details?targetId=Nutanix-Move-v5_4:top-deploy-nt-service-t.html

All the Hyper-V prerequisites are here: https://portal.nutanix.com/page/documents/details?targetId=Nutanix-Move-v5_4:top-migration-considerations-hyperv-ahv-c.html

Linux Azure

For Linux VMs, you also need to install an add-on on each of them using the following command:

sudo apt install linux-azure

Linux Azure is a kind of VMware tools for Hyper-V and reserved for Linux machines.

In the next blog post, we will deploy the Move machine on our Nutanix AHV cluster.

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nutanix move

In my previous article, I presented Move, the Nutanix software that facilitates migration to AHV or any other supported hypervisor.

In order to write this series of posts, I set up the most representative environments of what we currently find at our customers. Let me introduce them to you so that you have the migration context.

The source clusters

I set up 2 separate clusters on 2 different hypervisors. The first cluster is a VMWare ESXi cluster on which I deployed 8 virtual machines: 4 Windows Server and 4 Linux.

The second cluster is a Microsoft Hyper-V cluster on which I also deployed 8 virtual machines with the same distribution as the first cluster: 4 Windows Server and 4 Linux.

For convenience, the configuration of the VMs is very succinct. I have carried out default installations of the operating systems.

The Linux VMs are Ubuntu Server 20.04 while the Microsoft ones are Windows Servers 2022.

For local accounts, the Linux VMs have logins in “nutanix” and the Windows VMs in “administrator”. The password for all VMs is “nutanix/4u”.

The only difference in configuration between the virtual machines concerns those hosted on ESXi. Indeed, I deployed the VMWare tools on the latter.

The target cluster

The target cluster will be my Nutanix cluster under AOS 6.8.1 and AHV el8.nutanix.20230302.101026.

All migrations will be carried out via Nutanix Move in its version 5.1.1 which we will deploy in the next article.

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